Translation
Original language
14.07.2025
The World’s Future: A New Global Growth Platform Investment into a multipolar world as investment into connectivity
Preamble
Global economic development depends on many factors that have much to do with the movement of financial capital, goods and services, exhaustible and inex- haustible natural resources, manufacturing and trade, and also political and social developments at the national, regional, and global levels. Neither of these factors is a constant, they are in a state of flux. The major task of global economy today is to be sufficiently adaptive and efficient to meet all the challenges of a new era.
The world is undergoing tremendous changes that result in a geopolitical redistribution of power. As figures move on the Grand Chessboard, the system of international relations is transformed into a multipolar world governed by the leading regional and global powers, including the developing ones. These devel- opments necessitate revising the status quo and embracing the new realities. Capital, human and natural resources are channeled into those areas and projects that have been prioritized by the governments of individual countries. Each state and each nation have to change their position and views on political, economic, and social issues depending on the challenges and threats they face. When some problems are handled, new ones emerge. This is what makes human development unique. History never stops to being written. It means that the world is continu-
ously changing. Therefore, human beings and their investments should always be ready to adapt. The question is, what stage of history are we at today?
This topic is particularly relevant in the key moment of the system’s geopolit- ical transformation; at this moment, spheres of influence are being repartitioned. Once new poles have finally been established, governments will be able to con- tribute to a new global economic growth. Once hotbeds of tensions have subsided, investments will find their natural course. As long as conflicts exist, all resources will always be channeled into resolving them. This paper offers recommendations for a future with a multipolar world in view and aligned with the new realities. To explain the events on the global economic stage, we need to trace and take into consideration political steps and decisions as well as their underlying causes. They should be analyzed through the lens of diplomacy that is politics’ puppet master.
Theoretical foundations
The 21st century marks the start of a new era of information technologies, artificial intelligence, and innovations. Information has become the most valu- able resource of our time. Those in possession of information are always one step ahead. This is the principal instrument in advancing national interests and achiev- ing one’s goals and objectives. This instrument is used in all realms of human life development, from science and education to economic advancement and security; this instrument stimulates both competitive edge and cooperation.
The foundations of a new competition between great powers are being laid down. This type of relations can be classified as part of Kenneth Waltz’s structural realism better known as neorealism. This concept is based on the importance of the balance of forces that makes great powers develop in order to be able to affirm and defend their leadership and national interests. It requires investment into defense, strategic alliances, key manufacturing sectors, and into economic and political independence.
At the same time, the first twenty five years of the third millennium saw sev- eral regions rapidly furthering cooperation based on the principles of institutional neoliberalism; these are the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). On the other hand, BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Orga- nization (SCO), and others act as a counterbalance, and thus the foundations of supranational competitive alliances that could potentially engage both in coopera- tion and in rivalry are clearly formed. In 2001, the US analyst Jim O’Neill pinpointed the global elites thatwould form the greater chunk of the world’s GDP. Brazil, Russia, India, and China united into BRIC could oppose Washington’s hegemony. Today, they are joined by South Africa, Saudi Arabia, and other influential regional powers. However, there supranational alliances integrate their member states to varying degrees. Liberal and neoliberal approaches require channeling greater resources into expanding the rights and capabilities of international bodies, transforming them into instruments of cooperation and influence. The European Union has its
own legislature, the European Parliament, its own executive body, the European Commission, its own currency, its own banking system supported by the Bank of Europe, and other key bodies. Making mutual supranational competition possible for BRICS states requires investment and a more consolidated approach to liberal institutionalism. This policy, however, creates economic interdependence, which runs contrary to the neorealistic views of some of these regional leaders.
The clash of ideologies between these two most widespread approaches has shaped a new beginning of the multipolar world order. Governments are starting to increasingly invest into this new architecture that will redistribute positions and potentials of supranational unions on the one hand and the states’ places on regional and international levels on the other. Equality, cooperation, reasonable competition, openness and joint decision-making, development of science and technologies, and striving for prosperity should lay the foundations for the genera- tions to come. The clock of the status quo under the leadership of the united West is ticking, and the changes are looming.
Great countries’ priorities
Investments considered through the lens of global politics and global eco- nomic growth can certainly be classified in different ways. Multiple conflicts throughout the world force all regional leaders to prioritize defense and cooper- ation building when distributing their capital and resources. This is why this type of investment will become a priority for most states that will take the lead in the new balance of forces. Connectivity will imply investing into developing new tech- nologies, improving the environment, building new infrastructure, and introducing innovative solutions for global and regional problems, including those in social and cultural areas such as healthcare, improving people’s welfare, etc.
Following his reelection for his second term, US President Donald Trump has been aiming to cut the world’s economy’s spending with a view to reducing the national debt and increasing the country’s financial surplus, which would help the Trump Administration improve Americans’ quality of life. This is the policy that underlies the idea of restoring the stability of the dollar as a global reserve currency; yet it could hardly reach the original levels it had under the Bretton Woods system before Nixon cancelled the dollar’s direct convertibility into gold. Trump’s moves are aimed to cut spending on foreign military missions; he also virtually abolishes the US Agency for International Development (USAID).
The Republican Party’s political decisions undermine Washington’s reputa- tion as a loyal ally of the united Europe. According to the World Bank’s data, at year-end 2023, the EU has the world’s second-largest GDP of USD 18.59 trillion. However, when Joe Biden was President, the EU channeled more resources into cooperation on such global issues as climate change, the green energy, and inte- gration of the Western Balkans, while since 2025, the member states of the world’s largest economic and political union have been planning to spend over € 800
bn. on defense. This re-channeling of capital clearly demonstrates priorities and investments’ dependence on politics.
At the same time, the Russian Federation is a country with the world’s larg- est natural resources; it straddles two continents and borders on 13 seas and three oceans. Because of its rich history, culture, and scientific and technological achieve- ments, Russia has been contributing to the historical development of Europe, Asia, and the entire humanity. Having vanquished Nazism in World War II, being the Soviet Union’s successor and the world’s largest country, Russia unites and pro- tects hundreds of peoples and cultures. Its tremendous contribution to the devel- opment and preservation of peace makes it one of the key pillars in the balance of forces in today’s system. Together with China that managed, for the first time since the Monroe Doctrine, to have some countries of the Western hemisphere change their political course by investing in infrastructure and easing trade terms; together with Saudi Arabia that is also one of the world’s largest oil producers and exporters; togehter with other leading states, Moscow has been successfully investing into the new beginning and into a future based on cooperation, interconnectedness, and striving for prosperity.
All of the great powers’ resource investment stem from their intent to preserve
their regional and international influence. Global economy will start its construc- tive movement once this influence is finally coordinated and agreed upon.
Conclusion
The new global growth platform is based on the need for economic and geo- political shih in the distribution of forces. Hotbeds of unrest and conflicts in vari- ous regions constitute a process that proves the current system’s inability to handle global challenges and threats. States’ involvement in reconfiguring it will determine their place in the future. Investment priorities will change depending on govern- ments’ needs. In order to handle the intensity of the historical process, economy needs to be adaptive and flexible. Capital and resources will be distributed in accor- dance with ideological notions of political elites. The defense of national interests is the key element in building an environment that is both competitive and coop- erative. A multipolar world will be based on diplomacy for peace and on investment for interconnectedness.
Global economic development depends on many factors that have much to do with the movement of financial capital, goods and services, exhaustible and inex- haustible natural resources, manufacturing and trade, and also political and social developments at the national, regional, and global levels. Neither of these factors is a constant, they are in a state of flux. The major task of global economy today is to be sufficiently adaptive and efficient to meet all the challenges of a new era.
The world is undergoing tremendous changes that result in a geopolitical redistribution of power. As figures move on the Grand Chessboard, the system of international relations is transformed into a multipolar world governed by the leading regional and global powers, including the developing ones. These devel- opments necessitate revising the status quo and embracing the new realities. Capital, human and natural resources are channeled into those areas and projects that have been prioritized by the governments of individual countries. Each state and each nation have to change their position and views on political, economic, and social issues depending on the challenges and threats they face. When some problems are handled, new ones emerge. This is what makes human development unique. History never stops to being written. It means that the world is continu-
ously changing. Therefore, human beings and their investments should always be ready to adapt. The question is, what stage of history are we at today?
This topic is particularly relevant in the key moment of the system’s geopolit- ical transformation; at this moment, spheres of influence are being repartitioned. Once new poles have finally been established, governments will be able to con- tribute to a new global economic growth. Once hotbeds of tensions have subsided, investments will find their natural course. As long as conflicts exist, all resources will always be channeled into resolving them. This paper offers recommendations for a future with a multipolar world in view and aligned with the new realities. To explain the events on the global economic stage, we need to trace and take into consideration political steps and decisions as well as their underlying causes. They should be analyzed through the lens of diplomacy that is politics’ puppet master.
Theoretical foundations
The 21st century marks the start of a new era of information technologies, artificial intelligence, and innovations. Information has become the most valu- able resource of our time. Those in possession of information are always one step ahead. This is the principal instrument in advancing national interests and achiev- ing one’s goals and objectives. This instrument is used in all realms of human life development, from science and education to economic advancement and security; this instrument stimulates both competitive edge and cooperation.
The foundations of a new competition between great powers are being laid down. This type of relations can be classified as part of Kenneth Waltz’s structural realism better known as neorealism. This concept is based on the importance of the balance of forces that makes great powers develop in order to be able to affirm and defend their leadership and national interests. It requires investment into defense, strategic alliances, key manufacturing sectors, and into economic and political independence.
At the same time, the first twenty five years of the third millennium saw sev- eral regions rapidly furthering cooperation based on the principles of institutional neoliberalism; these are the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). On the other hand, BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Orga- nization (SCO), and others act as a counterbalance, and thus the foundations of supranational competitive alliances that could potentially engage both in coopera- tion and in rivalry are clearly formed. In 2001, the US analyst Jim O’Neill pinpointed the global elites thatwould form the greater chunk of the world’s GDP. Brazil, Russia, India, and China united into BRIC could oppose Washington’s hegemony. Today, they are joined by South Africa, Saudi Arabia, and other influential regional powers. However, there supranational alliances integrate their member states to varying degrees. Liberal and neoliberal approaches require channeling greater resources into expanding the rights and capabilities of international bodies, transforming them into instruments of cooperation and influence. The European Union has its
own legislature, the European Parliament, its own executive body, the European Commission, its own currency, its own banking system supported by the Bank of Europe, and other key bodies. Making mutual supranational competition possible for BRICS states requires investment and a more consolidated approach to liberal institutionalism. This policy, however, creates economic interdependence, which runs contrary to the neorealistic views of some of these regional leaders.
The clash of ideologies between these two most widespread approaches has shaped a new beginning of the multipolar world order. Governments are starting to increasingly invest into this new architecture that will redistribute positions and potentials of supranational unions on the one hand and the states’ places on regional and international levels on the other. Equality, cooperation, reasonable competition, openness and joint decision-making, development of science and technologies, and striving for prosperity should lay the foundations for the genera- tions to come. The clock of the status quo under the leadership of the united West is ticking, and the changes are looming.
Great countries’ priorities
Investments considered through the lens of global politics and global eco- nomic growth can certainly be classified in different ways. Multiple conflicts throughout the world force all regional leaders to prioritize defense and cooper- ation building when distributing their capital and resources. This is why this type of investment will become a priority for most states that will take the lead in the new balance of forces. Connectivity will imply investing into developing new tech- nologies, improving the environment, building new infrastructure, and introducing innovative solutions for global and regional problems, including those in social and cultural areas such as healthcare, improving people’s welfare, etc.
Following his reelection for his second term, US President Donald Trump has been aiming to cut the world’s economy’s spending with a view to reducing the national debt and increasing the country’s financial surplus, which would help the Trump Administration improve Americans’ quality of life. This is the policy that underlies the idea of restoring the stability of the dollar as a global reserve currency; yet it could hardly reach the original levels it had under the Bretton Woods system before Nixon cancelled the dollar’s direct convertibility into gold. Trump’s moves are aimed to cut spending on foreign military missions; he also virtually abolishes the US Agency for International Development (USAID).
The Republican Party’s political decisions undermine Washington’s reputa- tion as a loyal ally of the united Europe. According to the World Bank’s data, at year-end 2023, the EU has the world’s second-largest GDP of USD 18.59 trillion. However, when Joe Biden was President, the EU channeled more resources into cooperation on such global issues as climate change, the green energy, and inte- gration of the Western Balkans, while since 2025, the member states of the world’s largest economic and political union have been planning to spend over € 800
bn. on defense. This re-channeling of capital clearly demonstrates priorities and investments’ dependence on politics.
At the same time, the Russian Federation is a country with the world’s larg- est natural resources; it straddles two continents and borders on 13 seas and three oceans. Because of its rich history, culture, and scientific and technological achieve- ments, Russia has been contributing to the historical development of Europe, Asia, and the entire humanity. Having vanquished Nazism in World War II, being the Soviet Union’s successor and the world’s largest country, Russia unites and pro- tects hundreds of peoples and cultures. Its tremendous contribution to the devel- opment and preservation of peace makes it one of the key pillars in the balance of forces in today’s system. Together with China that managed, for the first time since the Monroe Doctrine, to have some countries of the Western hemisphere change their political course by investing in infrastructure and easing trade terms; together with Saudi Arabia that is also one of the world’s largest oil producers and exporters; togehter with other leading states, Moscow has been successfully investing into the new beginning and into a future based on cooperation, interconnectedness, and striving for prosperity.
All of the great powers’ resource investment stem from their intent to preserve
their regional and international influence. Global economy will start its construc- tive movement once this influence is finally coordinated and agreed upon.
Conclusion
The new global growth platform is based on the need for economic and geo- political shih in the distribution of forces. Hotbeds of unrest and conflicts in vari- ous regions constitute a process that proves the current system’s inability to handle global challenges and threats. States’ involvement in reconfiguring it will determine their place in the future. Investment priorities will change depending on govern- ments’ needs. In order to handle the intensity of the historical process, economy needs to be adaptive and flexible. Capital and resources will be distributed in accor- dance with ideological notions of political elites. The defense of national interests is the key element in building an environment that is both competitive and coop- erative. A multipolar world will be based on diplomacy for peace and on investment for interconnectedness.
Read full text
