Перевод
Язык оригинала
17.06.2025
Russia and artificial intelligence: innovations for global competitiveness
In recent years, the development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) has become a key factor in economic and geopolitical rivalry in the international arena, and Russia, aware of this reality, has managed to take a leading position in this area. In this paper, I analyse the various strategies that Russia has implemented in the field of AI development, how it has achieved its dominant position in the global competition, and what it can offer other countries hoping to develop and realize their own technological potential.
AI has become a disruptive technology that drives innovative changes in markets and industries, creating new business models. At the same time, AI leaders have obtained both economic advantages and significant geopolitical influence. Russia is among the countries implementing new policies and strategies for the development of AI.
Russia’s AI Strategy
•Investments
In September 2017, CNN gave extensive coverage to President Vladimir Putin’s statements about who might dominate global politics in the future. According to the Russian leader, artificial intelligence would be the deciding factor.
To quote Putin, “Artificial intelligence is the future, not only for Russia, but for all humankind. It comes with colossal opportunities, but also threats that are diffi- cult to predict. Whoever becomes the leader in this sphere will become the ruler of the world.” In this sense, Russia has joined the club of countries that believe that those who are able to monopolize this technology will not keep it for themselves, but will share it with the rest of the world.
In 2019, Russia adopted its National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence for 2020–2030, which aims to make the country a global leader in AI technologies. The Strategy served as a complement to the “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” National Program, which prioritizes the development of AI and quantum technologies.
•Use in Defence and National Security
AI technologies have radically altered the defence and security sectors. Pres- ident Putin stresses the importance of AI for national security and warned of the dangers of technological monopolies in this area. AI is utilized in areas such as cybersecurity, digital intelligence, and the development of hybrid warfare strate- gies, which strengthens Russia’s position on the world stage.
•AI for the Economy
Global experience shows that key economic sectors such as energy and min- ing have optimized their processes using AI for the purposes of increasing effi-
ciency. Leading companies such as Sberbank1 have adopted AI to improve their services and operations, demonstrating the private sector’s commitment to tech- nological innovation.
Impact on Global Competitiveness
Russia’s large-scale investments in AI allow it to compete with the United States and China in this field and even challenge their dominance in advanced technologies. The creation of alliances such as the AI Alliance Network2 with BRICS countries and other partners aims to counteract the technological limita- tions imposed by international sanctions.
Russia has repeatedly stressed the need to develop its own artificial intelli- gence so it does not have to rely on Western platforms, which, critically speaking, could impose values and norms that are alien to Russian culture. This position highlights the differences in approaches to AI regulation and ethics between Rus- sia and other regions, most notably North America.
Through technological cooperation, Russia has expanded its influence in developing countries by offering alternative AI technologies. Not only does this approach expand the Russian market in this area, but it also strengthens future geopolitical alliances, which will in turn influence global economic processes.
could impose values and norms that are alien to Russian culture. This position highlights the differences in approaches to AI regulation and ethics between Russia and other regions, most notably North America.
Through technological cooperation, Russia has expanded its influence in developing countries by offering alternative AI technologies. Not only does this approach expand the Russian market in this area, but it also strengthens future geopolitical alliances, which will in turn influence global economic processes.
A Lesson in How to Grow the Tech Sphere
As a student and future international relations expert, I see a genuine interest on Mexico’s part in integrating technology into its economic, social, and technological development. But the country faces serious challenges in terms of its social dynamics, namely, the lack of a coherent national strategy and the growing dependence on foreign technologies. Bilateral cooperation between Mexico and Russia has been subject to scrutiny to identify promising areas for joint work in technology and education. These are major powers that can potentially accelerate AI development and close the technological gap. What is more, from the economic point of view, adopt- ing these technologies in such sectors as heavy industry, agriculture, and the finan- cial services market could improve Mexico’s productivity and competitiveness on
the global market.
Among the challenges and risks, as we have already mentioned, are techno- logical dependence and the lack of adequate regulation. Over time, these issues should focus on developing public policies that encourage innovation while protecting and safeguarding the rights of citizens and national security.
Russia’s current AI strategy demonstrates how technology has become a battleground for global competitiveness. While this approach has brought advances in defence, economics, and national security, it has also raised concerns about the use of AI for geopolitical purposes. Russia has opted for a development model based on technological independence and state control, which differs from the more open and regulated approach of the West.
For Mexico and other emerging economies, the key question is not simply whether they should adopt AI technologies, but which model they should implement. Should Mexico follow in Russia’s footsteps and develop AI with strong gov- ernment support and strategic implementations, including for defence? Or is the regulated implementation of AI with a human rights focus like the one promoted by the European Union and the United States more appropriate?
Relying exclusively on Western models carries the risk of becoming subject to their technological dominance and regulation, while cooperation with countries like Russia could be an alternative for technological diversification. But is Mexico prepared to balance innovation with the ethical and cybersecurity challenges that a more aggressive AI strategy entails?
This contradiction raises the important question of the extent to which AI should be used as a tool for economic growth, and the extent to which it may become a geopolitical weapon. In its quest for technological advancement, Mexico must not only embrace artificial intelligence, but it must also decide what type of AI it wants in its future. Andrea Cadenas de Llano Sosa
AI has become a disruptive technology that drives innovative changes in markets and industries, creating new business models. At the same time, AI leaders have obtained both economic advantages and significant geopolitical influence. Russia is among the countries implementing new policies and strategies for the development of AI.
Russia’s AI Strategy
•Investments
In September 2017, CNN gave extensive coverage to President Vladimir Putin’s statements about who might dominate global politics in the future. According to the Russian leader, artificial intelligence would be the deciding factor.
To quote Putin, “Artificial intelligence is the future, not only for Russia, but for all humankind. It comes with colossal opportunities, but also threats that are diffi- cult to predict. Whoever becomes the leader in this sphere will become the ruler of the world.” In this sense, Russia has joined the club of countries that believe that those who are able to monopolize this technology will not keep it for themselves, but will share it with the rest of the world.
In 2019, Russia adopted its National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence for 2020–2030, which aims to make the country a global leader in AI technologies. The Strategy served as a complement to the “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” National Program, which prioritizes the development of AI and quantum technologies.
•Use in Defence and National Security
AI technologies have radically altered the defence and security sectors. Pres- ident Putin stresses the importance of AI for national security and warned of the dangers of technological monopolies in this area. AI is utilized in areas such as cybersecurity, digital intelligence, and the development of hybrid warfare strate- gies, which strengthens Russia’s position on the world stage.
•AI for the Economy
Global experience shows that key economic sectors such as energy and min- ing have optimized their processes using AI for the purposes of increasing effi-
ciency. Leading companies such as Sberbank1 have adopted AI to improve their services and operations, demonstrating the private sector’s commitment to tech- nological innovation.
Impact on Global Competitiveness
Russia’s large-scale investments in AI allow it to compete with the United States and China in this field and even challenge their dominance in advanced technologies. The creation of alliances such as the AI Alliance Network2 with BRICS countries and other partners aims to counteract the technological limita- tions imposed by international sanctions.
Russia has repeatedly stressed the need to develop its own artificial intelli- gence so it does not have to rely on Western platforms, which, critically speaking, could impose values and norms that are alien to Russian culture. This position highlights the differences in approaches to AI regulation and ethics between Rus- sia and other regions, most notably North America.
Through technological cooperation, Russia has expanded its influence in developing countries by offering alternative AI technologies. Not only does this approach expand the Russian market in this area, but it also strengthens future geopolitical alliances, which will in turn influence global economic processes.
could impose values and norms that are alien to Russian culture. This position highlights the differences in approaches to AI regulation and ethics between Russia and other regions, most notably North America.
Through technological cooperation, Russia has expanded its influence in developing countries by offering alternative AI technologies. Not only does this approach expand the Russian market in this area, but it also strengthens future geopolitical alliances, which will in turn influence global economic processes.
A Lesson in How to Grow the Tech Sphere
As a student and future international relations expert, I see a genuine interest on Mexico’s part in integrating technology into its economic, social, and technological development. But the country faces serious challenges in terms of its social dynamics, namely, the lack of a coherent national strategy and the growing dependence on foreign technologies. Bilateral cooperation between Mexico and Russia has been subject to scrutiny to identify promising areas for joint work in technology and education. These are major powers that can potentially accelerate AI development and close the technological gap. What is more, from the economic point of view, adopt- ing these technologies in such sectors as heavy industry, agriculture, and the finan- cial services market could improve Mexico’s productivity and competitiveness on
the global market.
Among the challenges and risks, as we have already mentioned, are techno- logical dependence and the lack of adequate regulation. Over time, these issues should focus on developing public policies that encourage innovation while protecting and safeguarding the rights of citizens and national security.
Russia’s current AI strategy demonstrates how technology has become a battleground for global competitiveness. While this approach has brought advances in defence, economics, and national security, it has also raised concerns about the use of AI for geopolitical purposes. Russia has opted for a development model based on technological independence and state control, which differs from the more open and regulated approach of the West.
For Mexico and other emerging economies, the key question is not simply whether they should adopt AI technologies, but which model they should implement. Should Mexico follow in Russia’s footsteps and develop AI with strong gov- ernment support and strategic implementations, including for defence? Or is the regulated implementation of AI with a human rights focus like the one promoted by the European Union and the United States more appropriate?
Relying exclusively on Western models carries the risk of becoming subject to their technological dominance and regulation, while cooperation with countries like Russia could be an alternative for technological diversification. But is Mexico prepared to balance innovation with the ethical and cybersecurity challenges that a more aggressive AI strategy entails?
This contradiction raises the important question of the extent to which AI should be used as a tool for economic growth, and the extent to which it may become a geopolitical weapon. In its quest for technological advancement, Mexico must not only embrace artificial intelligence, but it must also decide what type of AI it wants in its future. Andrea Cadenas de Llano Sosa
“El país que domine a la IA, dominará el mundo”
- Vladimir Putin
A lo largo de los últimos años de la humanidad, hemos visto que el desarrollo y la implementación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) se ha convertido en uno de los factores clave para una competitividad económica y geopolítica a nivel internacional, sin embargo, Rusia ha sido consciente de dicha realidad y ha logrado establecerse como un líder dentro de este ámbito. En este escrito, me permito generar un análisis sobre las distintas estrategias que Rusia ha implementado dentro de su desarrollo en la IA , y cómo ha logrado hacerse lugar dentro de la competitividad global y las grandes lecciones que podría ofrecer a países para generar su propio desarrollo tecnológico.
La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha emergido como una tecnología disruptiva, esto significa que ha generado una innovación y un cambio dentro de los mercados y las industrias creando modelos nuevos para negocios, sin embargo, países líderes en dichas tecnologías han logrado obtener ventajas no solo económicas, sino también han generado una gran influencia geopolítica dentro de estos mercados, reconociendo a Rusia como una tendencia que ha implementado nuevas políticas y estrategias para el desarrollo de la IA.
Rusia y su estrategia con la inteligencia artificial
o La inversión
En septiembre de 2017 por medio del canal de comunicación CNN se hicieron eco unas declaraciones que el presidente Vladimir Putin ofreció a los medios de comunicación sobre quién sería el posible dominante del mundo; nos explicaba que el punto diferencial lo marcaría la inteligencia artificial.
Citando sus palabras “La inteligencia artificial es el futuro, no solo de Rusia sino de toda la humanidad. Hay enormes oportunidades, pero también amenazas que son difíciles de prever hoy en día. Quien sea que llegue a ser líder en esta esfera será el que domine el mundo”, dentro de este sentido, Rusia fue uno de los países que explico que aquellas manos que lograran monopolizar dicha tecnología no solo se quedarían para ellos, sino que se compartiría con el resto de los países del mundo.
En el año 2019, Rusia adoptó “La Estrategia Nacional para el Desarrollo de la Inteligencia Artificial 2020-2030”, en la que se buscaba posicionar al país como el
líder en tecnologías de IA. En dicho plan se complementaba el “Proyecto Nacional para la Economía Digital”, que priorizara el desarrollo de la IA y las tecnologías cuánticas.
Uso en defensa y seguridad
El uso de estas tecnologías en defensa y seguridad han logrado integrar significativamente estos ámbitos; el presidente Vladimir Putin ha enfatizado la importancia de la IA en la seguridad nacional y ha advertido sobre los distintos riesgos de los monopolios tecnológicos en dicho cambio. La IA se ha utilizado en temas como la ciberseguridad, espionaje digital, estrategias de guerra híbrida, con ello fortaleciendo la posición de Rusia en el escenario global.
La IA para la economía
Como hemos visto en materia internacional, los sectores económicos son clave, así como la energía y la minería, gracias a ello se han optimizado los procesos para aumentar las distintas eficacias. Las empresas líderes como Sberbank 1 han adoptado la IA como una mejora para sus servicios y operaciones, demostrando el compromiso dentro del sector privado con la innovación tecnológica.
El impacto en la Competitividad Global
La gran inversión que Rusia ha hecho en IA se posiciona como competidora de Estados Unidos y China, con esto, desafiando su dominio en materia de tecnología avanzada. La formación de alianzas como la “AI Alliance Network”2 con países BRICS y otros socios, buscaban contrarrestar las grandes restricciones tecnológicas impuestas por sanciones internacionales.
Rusia en distintas ocasiones ha expresado la necesidad de desarrollar su propia inteligencia artificial, esto para evitar la dependencia de las plataformas occidentales, ya que, si lo analizamos desde una perspectiva crítica, éstas podrían imponer valores y normas ajenas a su cultura. Dicha postura resalta las distintas regulaciones y la ética de la inteligencia artificial entre Rusia y otras regiones, como
lo es América del Norte
Por medio de la cooperación tecnológica, Rusia ha extendido su influencia a los países en desarrollo, ofreciendo alternativas en tecnologías de IA, y que dicho enfoque no solo podría ampliar su mercado, sino que también fortalecería las futuras alianzas geopolíticas, afectando las distintas dinámicas económicas globales.
Una lección de crecimiento en el ámbito tecnológico
Como futura internacionalista y estudiante, he visto el genuino interés que México ha demostrado por integrar la tecnología como parte de su desarrollo tanto económico, social y tecnológico, sin embargo, dentro de las dinámicas sociales hemos visto los grandes desafíos como la falta de una estrategia nacional que sea consolidada y la creciente a la dependencia por las tecnologías extranjeras. Ahora bien, la cooperación bilateral entre México y Rusia, ha sido objeto de análisis, esto con la importancia de identificar las distintas áreas potenciales de la colaboración en tecnología y educación.
Ambas naciones estratégicas podrían acelerar el desarrollo de IA para una reducción de brechas tecnológicas, viéndolo desde un análisis económico, la adopción de estas tecnologías en sectores como la manufactura, agricultura y los servicios financieros podrían aumentar un mayor nivel de productividad y la competitividad de México en el mercado global.
Dentro de los desafíos y riesgos, como ya hemos mencionado, es la dependencia tecnológica y la falta de regulación adecuadas. Con de los años al abordar dichos temas se deberia ver por el desarrollo de las políticas públicas que promuevan dichas innovaciones y al mismo tiempo, que protejan y velen por los derechos de los ciudadanos y la seguridad nacional.
Actualmente, la estrategia que Rusia ha manifestado en la inteligencia artificial, es un reflejo de cómo es que la tecnología se ha convertido en un campo de batalla para la competitividad global. Si bien, el enfoque que se ha permitido llevar acabo los avances en cuestión de defensa, economía y seguridad, también ha generado preocupaciones sobre el uso de la IA con fines geopolíticos. Rusia ha optado por un modelo de desarrollo basado en la autonomía tecnológica y el control estatal, contrastado con la visión más abierta y regulada de Occidente.
Para México y otras economías emergentes , la pregunta clave no solo sería si deben adoptar tecnologías de IA, sino, bajo qué modelo. ¿Debe México seguir el camino de Rusia y fomentar una IA con fuerte respaldo estatal y aplicaciones estratégicas, incluso en defensa? ¿O es más conveniente una adopción regulada y con enfoque en derechos humanos, como la que impulsan la Unión Europea y Estados Unidos?
El riesgo que de depender exclusivamente de modelos occidentales es quedar sujeto bajo su dominio tecnológico y regulaciones, mientras que la cooperación con países como Rusia puede representar una alternativa para la diversificación tecnológica, sin embargo, ¿está México preparado para equilibrar la innovación con los desafíos éticos y de ciberseguridad que implica una estrategia más agresiva en IA? Esta dicotomía plantea un debate crucial: ¿Hasta qué punto la IA debe ser una herramienta crucial de crecimiento económico y hasta qué punto puede convertirse en un arma geopolítica? México, en su búsqueda de desarrollo tecnológico, no solo debe adoptar una inteligencia artificial, sino que debe definir el tipo de IA quiere para su futuro.
Читать весь текст
Социальные сети Instagram и Facebook запрещены в РФ. Решением суда от 21.03.2022 компания Meta признана экстремистской организацией на территории Российской Федерации.
