Перевод
Язык оригинала
17.06.2025
The Multipolar Dynamics of the New Global Economy
It is now a unanimously accepted fact that absolutely major changes are taking place on the international scene, occurring at an accelerated pace. I believe that the most appropriate paradigmatic expression that captures the reality of these trans- formations is the one that the world has already become multipolar. The old unipo- lar dynamic is currently completely outdated, a fact that implicitly determines the new economic dynamics at a global level. With each passing year, the fate of the world is less and less dictated by the “community of civilized, free and democratic states”, as the globalist and neo-colonialist “elites” called their sphere of influence, which they sought to expand worldwide through American unipolarity. By creating the most important international organizations, which would apparently have con- stituted the safest forums for cooperation between states, the West has constantly sought since the end of the Second World War to establish a monopoly of the levers of power. The UN, the World Bank, the IMF, the WHO, the WTO, SWIFT, NATO, the EU and many others have become instruments for the increasingly aggressive exercise of Western neo-liberal hegemony. It is on this basis that various crises have been artificially created, which have sought in recent decades to hasten the ruin of dissent and the establishment of global governance.
A major inflection point in international relations was (and partly still is)
the conflict on the territory of Ukraine. Beyond the propaganda circulated in the Euro-Atlantic area, there are very eloquent arguments to show that the war was actually triggered by certain interest groups in the West, who used Ukraine as a proxy against Russia. In conjunction with this military crisis, a tough economic war was also waged, which, by using the dollar and economic sanctions as sui-generis weapons, also intended at weakening and isolating the Russian Federation.
But the globalist plan did not succeed, and even came back like a boomerang against those who provoked it. More and more states in the world are currently opting for an alternative international system to the globalist one, a system whose basic pillars were and remain the Russian Federation and China. Risen to the rank of superpowers, China and Russia now constitute, alongside the United States, two other fundamental poles in the multipolar configuration. America itself, especially in Donald Trump’s new term in office, seems to have realized that it can no longer act discretionary, as the “World Policeman”, and that it can only adapt on the fly to the new balance of power.
Imperialism versus cooperation
The main driver of the new multipolar economic dynamic appears to be the BRICS+ organization, which has already taken the lead in terms of global efficiency. The economic model of the BRICS states is developing a net emerging dynamic, now covering 35% of the total global economy. By comparison, the model of the G7 states, those that have dominated and colonized the world for the past hundred years, is registering a clear decline, covering only 30% of the total global economy at the beginning of this year.1 Currently comprising almost half of the world’s popu- lation (43%) and growing on all main indicators, BRICS+ iis capturing the intention of dozens of other states to join. The attractiveness of the BRICS model lies in the ability of the member states to develop mutually beneficial and equitable relations, which boost their economic potential very quickly. It should be emphasized that BRICS+ promotes development models that prioritize the sovereignty of the states. On the other hand, the neoliberal policies of Western states promote supranational leadership, coordinated by international institutions.
These comparisons are even more relevant if we look at Western finan-
cial-banking practices. The painful experience of recent decades reveals, for exam- ple, that the lending practices offered by the IMF or the World Bank have in fact been pursued at trapping many countries into a dramatic trap of exponentially increasing debts. This inevitably led to bankruptcy and the ceding of all national strategic levers to creditors. The countries of Africa are, in their vast majority, an illustrative example in this regard. The aid and advice promised to African states by IMF creditors has in reality led not only to irremediable engagement in the mer- ry-go-round of out-of-control debt, but also to the imposition of severe austerity policies in those countries, which have undermined health, education and wider development on the continent for 50 years.2 According to several converging reports, the methods applied by the IMF are clearly increasing the borrowing costs for a large number of countries that were already heavily indebted, highlighting
the conclusion that the financial and economic policies promoted by these glo- balist institutions remain, as even the Center for Economic and Policy Research in Washington admits, “onerous, pro-cyclical and counterproductive”.3
Put more bluntly, such practices have prolonged colonialist and imperialist approaches into the 21st century, with only the surface method changing fr om the old imperialism. But the peoples of the world are increasingly determined to stop being exploited and plundered. Countries that were once considered “Third World” or “underdeveloped” are ohen the very ones that have the greatest resources and have actually been kept in poverty for the treacherous benefit of the colonizers. The chains of slavery have begun to fall, mainly because the chance of an alter- native economic system, as promoted by the BRICS and the multipolar order, has emerged on the world stage.
Case Study: Romania
Before 1990, during the socialist regime, Romania had reached a degree of economic development that placed it among the world leaders in various industrial fields such as: oil and gas extraction, electricity production, steel and aluminum production, construction of trucks, locomotives, ships, engines , etc.4 The coun- try’s industrial production increased by over 650% from 1950 to 1989.5 However, aher the so-called “Revolution” of December 1989 (which was in reality a coup d’état), Romania’s situation began to deteriorate substantially. Romania currently no longer possesses any significant industrial capacities, all large socialist enter- prises were “privatized” and then scrapped, and the country became a mere market for the goods of multinational companies from the West. Moreover, these multina- tional companies, which have annual turnovers of hundreds of millions of euros, declare that they have “zero profit” and therefore pay practically no taxes whatso- ever to the Romanian state.6 Likewise, Romania’s natural resources are exploited almost exclusively by Western companies, which pay humiliating royalties to the Romanian state.7 Against this catastrophic backdrop of Romania’s devaluation (a robbery carried out with the complicity of some rulers who obviously serve inter- ests other than those of the country), the main strategy of the administrations over the last 35 years has been that of borrowing and indebtedness of the country.8
Rightly so, the dissatisfaction of the population has grown more and more,
which is why in the recent presidential elections, at the end of 2024, the one who won the first round of voting was a sovereignist candidate, who is massively sup- ported by the people. However, through an abuse never seen in the whole world, the electoral process was annulled while the final round was taking place. State authorities claimed that there had been a concerted cyber attack by the Russian Federation, which aimed at destabilizing NATO’s Eastern Flank.9 Although no one has ever presented any evidence in this regard, the assertion was supported by numerous officials in the Biden administration, such as Secretary of State Antony
Blinken10 or a former (Democratic) US ambassador to Romania.11 What is even worse is that a former EU Commissioner, Thiery Brreton, admitted with regard to the annulment of the elections that “We did it in Romania, and if necessary, we will have to do it in Germany as well”, referring to the extremely important parliamen- tary elections of February 23 in Germany.12 In other words, the supra-national “elites” openly admit that they no longer give a damn about “democracy”, a notion that has become nothing more than a useful template for deceiving the people. Let us add that for these aforementioned officials it was of no importance whatso- ever that in an urgent report, the Venice Commission reprimanded the Romanian authorities at the end of January 2025 for lack of transparency, for poorly reasoned decisions and for violating the legal procedures adopted in the context of the pres- idential elections of December 2024.13
I consider that this example of Romania’s situation is a very eloquent reflec-
tion of the current conjuncture, in which a state’s economy could be practically blocked and the country is held in a state of enslavement to foreign entities. It is, in my opinion, very serious that such a thing can happen in Europe, to a member country of NATO and the European Union, structures which, in theory, guarantee citizens that democratic values will be maintained and respected. The facts show that this is not the case at all, but on the contrary, these supranational structures have become oppressive organizations. The situation is unfortunately frequently encountered in other countries in the Euro-Atlantic area and beyond. It should be noted in this context that every country has a certain type of precious resources which, if freely and properly utilized by its citizens, could rapidly elevate that coun- try economically and socially. The economic sphere is, however, as is well known, controlled by the political sector, which is why economic potential can be blocked or exploited rashly.
We have good reason to believe that the integration of states into the new
multipolar order will create the conditions for each country to make judicious use of its development potential. This is because the old hegemonic and colonialist practices will no longer be able to be exercised by a master whose influence is impossible to counterbalance. The new institutional levers specific to the multipo- lar organization will offer much greater possibilities for fair regulation of any form of abuse that may come, possibly, from any state or non-state actor.
New Global Economic Trends
I think it is important to emphasize that the fundamental factor that has deter- mined the great political and economic transformations currently taking place worldwide is precisely the emergence of the BRICS states. The initial plan of the globalist elites was to halt this rise first by militarily and economically undermin- ing the Russian Federation. At the same time, the aim was to block China’s rise through an economic war. Both of these fronts of subversive actions opened by the
West have failed. Moreover, the globalists have also lost power in the United States, wh ere Donald Trump, a declared exponent of nationalism and sovereignism, has returned to power. Trump has taken pivotal decisions to stop the conflict between NATO and the Russian Federation on Ukrainian territory, and is an outspoken opponent of the Sorosist organizations that run the European Union. It should be emphasized that the current Sorosist leadership of the European Union and the American Deep State have become completely compromised and will be repudi- ated in the dustbin of history.
Under these circumstances, without a drastic reform of its political leadership, the European Union will face great socio-economic difficulties. Depending on the choices made, European states will be able to work either together (within the EU) or separately. The reforms adopted by European states would require the urgent resumption of equitable cooperation with the Russian Federation and China. European countries have been drained of resources in the last three years by the commitments made by their corrupt politicians in order to support Ukraine in the war against Russia. This unnatural state of affairs can no longer continue. The peo- ples of Europe are increasingly expressing their will to live in peace, cooperation and sovereignty, no longer drawn into absurd conflicts that serve only the globalist agenda.
China continues its upward economic trajectory, which for almost 10 years has had an annual growth rate almost double that of the USA.14 This pace will undoubt- edly place it in a few years in the position of the world’s leading economic power. The economic war declared on it by America can only be suicidal for the latter, since the US economy is in many essential sectors dependent on China. Likewise, speculation that the Russian Federation might be drawn into an alliance with the United States with a view to undermining China or the BRICS has no chance of success, given the particularly rock-solid and fair cooperation between Russia and China.
Under the Biden administration, the United States has experienced a major economic collapse, similar to that of the European Union. Although the USA, Ger- many, France and Italy still appear in the first places in the ranking of the best-rated economies in the world, in reality these states have been drastically affected by their involvement in the Ukrainian “adventure”.
On the other hand, despite the record number of economic sanctions that have been applied to it by the globalist alliance in the last three years, the Russian Federa- tion has recorded surprising economic growth in the context of its engagement in a very tough war with Ukraine and NATO. It is relevant that for the year 2024 the Rus- sian economy had a faster growth than all the economies of the G7 states, including that of the United States.15 This amply demonstrates the effect of the reorientation of Russian Federation economic policies, which, far from being isolated by a “cordon sanitaire” by the West, has developed particularly fruitful economic relations with the countries of Asia, Africa, the Middle East or Latin America.
Another major initiative of the BRICS states has been to avoid transactions in US dollars, a currency that has long since lost its backing in physical assets or services. The dollar has become a banking abstraction (fiat money), which illicitly serves an occult financial-banking “elite” to indebt countries, and which has gen- erated huge inflation worldwide.
All these dynamics clearly reflect first of all that the neo-liberal hegemonic strategy specific to unipolarism has definitively failed. The method of holding states captive in oppressive international organizations of the world governance type no longer works. Secondly, we note that the alternative economic system, cre- ated along the lines of the multipolar order, proves the unparalleled efficiency of cooperation on an equitable basis between the sovereign states of the world.
Strategies of deception and exploitation cannot last forever. Human civiliza- tion is advancing and evolving, and it is against this background that only freedom of conscience, cooperation and peace can prevail in relations between states.
A major inflection point in international relations was (and partly still is)
the conflict on the territory of Ukraine. Beyond the propaganda circulated in the Euro-Atlantic area, there are very eloquent arguments to show that the war was actually triggered by certain interest groups in the West, who used Ukraine as a proxy against Russia. In conjunction with this military crisis, a tough economic war was also waged, which, by using the dollar and economic sanctions as sui-generis weapons, also intended at weakening and isolating the Russian Federation.
But the globalist plan did not succeed, and even came back like a boomerang against those who provoked it. More and more states in the world are currently opting for an alternative international system to the globalist one, a system whose basic pillars were and remain the Russian Federation and China. Risen to the rank of superpowers, China and Russia now constitute, alongside the United States, two other fundamental poles in the multipolar configuration. America itself, especially in Donald Trump’s new term in office, seems to have realized that it can no longer act discretionary, as the “World Policeman”, and that it can only adapt on the fly to the new balance of power.
Imperialism versus cooperation
The main driver of the new multipolar economic dynamic appears to be the BRICS+ organization, which has already taken the lead in terms of global efficiency. The economic model of the BRICS states is developing a net emerging dynamic, now covering 35% of the total global economy. By comparison, the model of the G7 states, those that have dominated and colonized the world for the past hundred years, is registering a clear decline, covering only 30% of the total global economy at the beginning of this year.1 Currently comprising almost half of the world’s popu- lation (43%) and growing on all main indicators, BRICS+ iis capturing the intention of dozens of other states to join. The attractiveness of the BRICS model lies in the ability of the member states to develop mutually beneficial and equitable relations, which boost their economic potential very quickly. It should be emphasized that BRICS+ promotes development models that prioritize the sovereignty of the states. On the other hand, the neoliberal policies of Western states promote supranational leadership, coordinated by international institutions.
These comparisons are even more relevant if we look at Western finan-
cial-banking practices. The painful experience of recent decades reveals, for exam- ple, that the lending practices offered by the IMF or the World Bank have in fact been pursued at trapping many countries into a dramatic trap of exponentially increasing debts. This inevitably led to bankruptcy and the ceding of all national strategic levers to creditors. The countries of Africa are, in their vast majority, an illustrative example in this regard. The aid and advice promised to African states by IMF creditors has in reality led not only to irremediable engagement in the mer- ry-go-round of out-of-control debt, but also to the imposition of severe austerity policies in those countries, which have undermined health, education and wider development on the continent for 50 years.2 According to several converging reports, the methods applied by the IMF are clearly increasing the borrowing costs for a large number of countries that were already heavily indebted, highlighting
the conclusion that the financial and economic policies promoted by these glo- balist institutions remain, as even the Center for Economic and Policy Research in Washington admits, “onerous, pro-cyclical and counterproductive”.3
Put more bluntly, such practices have prolonged colonialist and imperialist approaches into the 21st century, with only the surface method changing fr om the old imperialism. But the peoples of the world are increasingly determined to stop being exploited and plundered. Countries that were once considered “Third World” or “underdeveloped” are ohen the very ones that have the greatest resources and have actually been kept in poverty for the treacherous benefit of the colonizers. The chains of slavery have begun to fall, mainly because the chance of an alter- native economic system, as promoted by the BRICS and the multipolar order, has emerged on the world stage.
Case Study: Romania
Before 1990, during the socialist regime, Romania had reached a degree of economic development that placed it among the world leaders in various industrial fields such as: oil and gas extraction, electricity production, steel and aluminum production, construction of trucks, locomotives, ships, engines , etc.4 The coun- try’s industrial production increased by over 650% from 1950 to 1989.5 However, aher the so-called “Revolution” of December 1989 (which was in reality a coup d’état), Romania’s situation began to deteriorate substantially. Romania currently no longer possesses any significant industrial capacities, all large socialist enter- prises were “privatized” and then scrapped, and the country became a mere market for the goods of multinational companies from the West. Moreover, these multina- tional companies, which have annual turnovers of hundreds of millions of euros, declare that they have “zero profit” and therefore pay practically no taxes whatso- ever to the Romanian state.6 Likewise, Romania’s natural resources are exploited almost exclusively by Western companies, which pay humiliating royalties to the Romanian state.7 Against this catastrophic backdrop of Romania’s devaluation (a robbery carried out with the complicity of some rulers who obviously serve inter- ests other than those of the country), the main strategy of the administrations over the last 35 years has been that of borrowing and indebtedness of the country.8
Rightly so, the dissatisfaction of the population has grown more and more,
which is why in the recent presidential elections, at the end of 2024, the one who won the first round of voting was a sovereignist candidate, who is massively sup- ported by the people. However, through an abuse never seen in the whole world, the electoral process was annulled while the final round was taking place. State authorities claimed that there had been a concerted cyber attack by the Russian Federation, which aimed at destabilizing NATO’s Eastern Flank.9 Although no one has ever presented any evidence in this regard, the assertion was supported by numerous officials in the Biden administration, such as Secretary of State Antony
Blinken10 or a former (Democratic) US ambassador to Romania.11 What is even worse is that a former EU Commissioner, Thiery Brreton, admitted with regard to the annulment of the elections that “We did it in Romania, and if necessary, we will have to do it in Germany as well”, referring to the extremely important parliamen- tary elections of February 23 in Germany.12 In other words, the supra-national “elites” openly admit that they no longer give a damn about “democracy”, a notion that has become nothing more than a useful template for deceiving the people. Let us add that for these aforementioned officials it was of no importance whatso- ever that in an urgent report, the Venice Commission reprimanded the Romanian authorities at the end of January 2025 for lack of transparency, for poorly reasoned decisions and for violating the legal procedures adopted in the context of the pres- idential elections of December 2024.13
I consider that this example of Romania’s situation is a very eloquent reflec-
tion of the current conjuncture, in which a state’s economy could be practically blocked and the country is held in a state of enslavement to foreign entities. It is, in my opinion, very serious that such a thing can happen in Europe, to a member country of NATO and the European Union, structures which, in theory, guarantee citizens that democratic values will be maintained and respected. The facts show that this is not the case at all, but on the contrary, these supranational structures have become oppressive organizations. The situation is unfortunately frequently encountered in other countries in the Euro-Atlantic area and beyond. It should be noted in this context that every country has a certain type of precious resources which, if freely and properly utilized by its citizens, could rapidly elevate that coun- try economically and socially. The economic sphere is, however, as is well known, controlled by the political sector, which is why economic potential can be blocked or exploited rashly.
We have good reason to believe that the integration of states into the new
multipolar order will create the conditions for each country to make judicious use of its development potential. This is because the old hegemonic and colonialist practices will no longer be able to be exercised by a master whose influence is impossible to counterbalance. The new institutional levers specific to the multipo- lar organization will offer much greater possibilities for fair regulation of any form of abuse that may come, possibly, from any state or non-state actor.
New Global Economic Trends
I think it is important to emphasize that the fundamental factor that has deter- mined the great political and economic transformations currently taking place worldwide is precisely the emergence of the BRICS states. The initial plan of the globalist elites was to halt this rise first by militarily and economically undermin- ing the Russian Federation. At the same time, the aim was to block China’s rise through an economic war. Both of these fronts of subversive actions opened by the
West have failed. Moreover, the globalists have also lost power in the United States, wh ere Donald Trump, a declared exponent of nationalism and sovereignism, has returned to power. Trump has taken pivotal decisions to stop the conflict between NATO and the Russian Federation on Ukrainian territory, and is an outspoken opponent of the Sorosist organizations that run the European Union. It should be emphasized that the current Sorosist leadership of the European Union and the American Deep State have become completely compromised and will be repudi- ated in the dustbin of history.
Under these circumstances, without a drastic reform of its political leadership, the European Union will face great socio-economic difficulties. Depending on the choices made, European states will be able to work either together (within the EU) or separately. The reforms adopted by European states would require the urgent resumption of equitable cooperation with the Russian Federation and China. European countries have been drained of resources in the last three years by the commitments made by their corrupt politicians in order to support Ukraine in the war against Russia. This unnatural state of affairs can no longer continue. The peo- ples of Europe are increasingly expressing their will to live in peace, cooperation and sovereignty, no longer drawn into absurd conflicts that serve only the globalist agenda.
China continues its upward economic trajectory, which for almost 10 years has had an annual growth rate almost double that of the USA.14 This pace will undoubt- edly place it in a few years in the position of the world’s leading economic power. The economic war declared on it by America can only be suicidal for the latter, since the US economy is in many essential sectors dependent on China. Likewise, speculation that the Russian Federation might be drawn into an alliance with the United States with a view to undermining China or the BRICS has no chance of success, given the particularly rock-solid and fair cooperation between Russia and China.
Under the Biden administration, the United States has experienced a major economic collapse, similar to that of the European Union. Although the USA, Ger- many, France and Italy still appear in the first places in the ranking of the best-rated economies in the world, in reality these states have been drastically affected by their involvement in the Ukrainian “adventure”.
On the other hand, despite the record number of economic sanctions that have been applied to it by the globalist alliance in the last three years, the Russian Federa- tion has recorded surprising economic growth in the context of its engagement in a very tough war with Ukraine and NATO. It is relevant that for the year 2024 the Rus- sian economy had a faster growth than all the economies of the G7 states, including that of the United States.15 This amply demonstrates the effect of the reorientation of Russian Federation economic policies, which, far from being isolated by a “cordon sanitaire” by the West, has developed particularly fruitful economic relations with the countries of Asia, Africa, the Middle East or Latin America.
Another major initiative of the BRICS states has been to avoid transactions in US dollars, a currency that has long since lost its backing in physical assets or services. The dollar has become a banking abstraction (fiat money), which illicitly serves an occult financial-banking “elite” to indebt countries, and which has gen- erated huge inflation worldwide.
All these dynamics clearly reflect first of all that the neo-liberal hegemonic strategy specific to unipolarism has definitively failed. The method of holding states captive in oppressive international organizations of the world governance type no longer works. Secondly, we note that the alternative economic system, cre- ated along the lines of the multipolar order, proves the unparalleled efficiency of cooperation on an equitable basis between the sovereign states of the world.
Strategies of deception and exploitation cannot last forever. Human civiliza- tion is advancing and evolving, and it is against this background that only freedom of conscience, cooperation and peace can prevail in relations between states.
1. Введение
В современном мире, где всё связано через интернет, кибербезопасность стала очень важной для глобальной стабильности. Кибератаки больше не происходят только в одной стране; они влияют на людей, компании и правительства по всему миру. Однако борьба с этими угрозами часто затруднена из- за разных законов, отсутствия доверия между странами и различий в правилах.
Тезис: Международное сотрудничество в области кибербезопасности необходимо для борьбы с глобальными цифровыми угрозами, но оно сталкивается с проблемами, такими как разные законы и отсутствие доверия между странами. Эти проблемы нужно решать с помощью совместных стратегий.
2. Важность CSIRT и международного сотрудничества
Команды реагирования на инциденты компьютерной безопасности (CSIRT) играют важную роль в защите важной инфраструктуры и снижении рисков кибератак. Их задача — находить, предотвращать и реагировать на кибератаки в таких областях, как телекоммуникации, банки и энергетика. Однако, так как атаки часто происходят из других стран, эффективность CSIRT зависит от сотрудничества между странами.
Есть международные соглашения, например, Будапештская конвенция о киберпреступности, принятая в 2001 году. Она помогает странам согласовывать законы и облегчает сотрудничество. Но некоторые крупные страны не участвуют в этой конвенции, что снижает её эффективность. Кроме того, разные страны по-разному классифицируют киберпреступления, что затрудняет совместные расследования.
3. Ключевая инфраструктура в реагировании на инциденты: SOC и NOC
Центры операций безопасности (SOC) и центры операций сети (NOC) помогают CSIRT, предоставляя мониторинг в реальном времени и быстрое реагирование на атаки.
• SOC (Security Operations Center): Обнаруживают угрозы и координируют защиту.
• NOC (Network Operations Center): Следят за сетевой инфраструктурой и работают вместе с SOC для защиты от атак, таких как DDoS.
Международное сотрудничество между этими центрами очень важно, но часто затруднено из-за ограничений в обмене информацией и различий в протоколах связи.
4. Пример успешного сотрудничества: деактивация EMOTET
Хорошим примером успешного международного сотрудничества стала деактивация EMOTET, одного из самых опасных ботнетов в мире. EMOTET был обнаружен в 2014 году как банковский троян. Он распространялся через электронные письма с вредоносными вложениями, которые обманывали пользователей, заставляя их включать макросы и запускать вредоносное ПО. После установки EMOTET позволял злоумышленникам распространять другие вредоносные программы.
В январе 2021 года власти нескольких стран, включая Нидерланды, Германию и Великобританию, совместно с Europol и Eurojust, провели операцию по уничтожению инфраструктуры EMOTET. Эта операция показала, как международное сотрудничество может быть эффективным в борьбе с киберпреступностью.
5. Случаи отсутствия сотрудничества и их последствия
Хотя есть примеры успешного сотрудничества, бывают и случаи, когда отсутствие координации между странами приводит к серьёзным последствиям. Например, атака ransomware WannaCry в 2017 году затронула сотни тысяч компьютеров в более чем 150 странах. Отсутствие быстрого глобального ответа позволило вредоносному ПО распространиться очень быстро. Этот случай показывает, как важно укреплять механизмы быстрого реагирования и обмена информацией в реальном времени.
6. Искусственный интеллект и его роль в кибербезопасности
Искусственный интеллект (ИИ) помогает в кибербезопасности, позволяя быстро обнаруживать угрозы, анализируя большие объёмы данных. Однако ИИ также используется киберпреступниками для улучшения своих атак, например, для автоматизации атак и создания более сложного вредоносного ПО. На международном уровне ИИ может облегчить обмен информацией об угрозах, но для этого нужны общие стандарты для его безопасного и этичного использования.
7. Инициативы государственно-частного партнерства
Кроме сотрудничества между правительствами, важно взаимодействие с частным сектором. Технологические компании, поставщики облачных услуг и цифровые платформы имеют данные и инструменты, которые могут помочь в обнаружении и предотвращении атак. Например, инициатива Cyber Threat Alliance (CTA) позволяет компаниям обмениваться информацией об угрозах в реальном времени. Это показывает, что эффективное сотрудничество не должно ограничиваться только государственными организациями.
8. Роль кибердипломатии
Кибердипломатия становится важным инструментом для сотрудничества между странами в области кибербезопасности. Международные организации, такие как ООН, продвигают обсуждения о нормах поведения в киберпространстве, чтобы уменьшить конфликты, вызванные государственными атаками или группами, поддерживаемыми правительствами. Через двусторонние и многосторонние соглашения дипломатия может облегчить обмен информацией, техническую помощь и создание совместных механизмов для реагирования на крупные инциденты.
9. Метрики и ключевые показатели эффективности (KPI)
Чтобы оценить эффективность международного сотрудничества в области кибербезопасности, нужно определить метрики и показатели. Некоторые ключевые KPI включают:
• Среднее время обнаружения и реагирования
(MTTD и MTTR) на трансграничные инциденты.
• Количество инцидентов, которые CSIRT
рассмотрели совместно, и время их устранения.
• Степень автоматизации обмена информацией об угрозах через платформы, такие как MISP.
• Оценка зрелости CSIRT по стандартам, таким как FIRST CSIRT Services Framework.
10. Фрагментация в управлении киберпространством
Одна из главных проблем для международного сотрудничества в области кибербезопасности — это фрагментация в управлении киберпространством. В отличие от других областей международной безопасности, в кибербезопасности нет единой системы управления с чёткими правилами для всех стран. Некоторые страны поддерживают открытый и децентрализованный интернет, а другие хотят большего контроля над цифровой инфраструктурой. Это затрудняет создание прочных международных соглашений и создаёт серые зоны, где злоумышленники могут действовать безнаказанно.
Ещё одна проблема — это отсутствие гармонизации законов в области кибербезопасности. У каждой страны свои законы, что может создавать конфликты при расследовании трансграничных инцидентов. Кроме того, отсутствие общих стандартов в протоколах связи и недоверие между странами могут замедлять эффективное реагирование. Культурные и языковые различия также могут осложнять координацию в критические моменты. Эти проблемы показывают, что нужен более интегрированный и кооперативный подход.
11. Киберпреступность и отсутствие транснациональной юрисдикции
Киберпреступники часто используют различия в законах разных стран, чтобы избежать наказания. Атака может исходить из страны с мягкими законами и затрагивать учреждения в другой стране, где нет механизмов для запроса правовой помощи. Без соглашений об экстрадиции или оперативного обмена судебной информацией многие преступления остаются безнаказанными. Отсутствие эффективной транснациональной юрисдикции позволяет
киберпреступникам продолжать свою деятельность, что подчёркивает необходимость гармонизации законов и укрепления сотрудничества между правоохранительными органами.
оптимизировать совместные усилия. Инициативы, такие как UNAM-CERT в Мексике и RU-CERT в России, показали, что сотрудничество между академическими, государственными и частными организациями является ключевым элементом для создания более устойчивой глобальной экосистемы кибербезопасности.
12. Предложения по улучшению международного сотрудничества
Для улучшения сотрудничества в области кибербезопасности нужно создать протоколы совместного реагирования, которые позволят странам действовать скоординированно в случае инцидентов. Внедрение безопасных платформ для обмена информацией в реальном времени между CSIRT, SOC и NOC облегчит обнаружение и предотвращение угроз. Кроме того, гармонизация международных законов поможет устранить барьеры в сотрудничестве и ускорить взаимодействие между разными организациями.
Ещё одна важная стратегия — проведение международных учений по кибербезопасности для улучшения подготовки и координации между командами реагирования. Обучение специалистов по кибербезопасности и определение метрик для оценки эффективности сотрудничества помогут
13. Заключение
Международное сотрудничество в области кибербезопасности — это необходимость в цифровом мире, где угрозы постоянно развиваются. CSIRT, вместе с SOC и NOC, должны укреплять свои стратегии сотрудничества, использовать новые технологии и делиться лучшими практиками для улучшения реагирования на инциденты. Только через доверие и совместную работу можно эффективно противостоять сложным кибератакам.
UNAM-CERT и RU-CERT показали ценность международного сотрудничества в области информационной безопасности. UNAM-CERT сыграл важную роль в защите цифровой инфраструктуры в Мексике, а RU-CERT помог защитить сети в России, сотрудничая с международными организациями. Эти инициативы показывают, как важно укреплять глобальное сотрудничество для создания более безопасной цифровой среды.
Читать весь текст
Социальные сети Instagram и Facebook запрещены в РФ. Решением суда от 21.03.2022 компания Meta признана экстремистской организацией на территории Российской Федерации.